{"id":9167,"date":"2026-05-14T09:46:21","date_gmt":"2026-05-14T06:46:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/?p=9167"},"modified":"2026-05-14T12:31:34","modified_gmt":"2026-05-14T09:31:34","slug":"lbr-0355","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/en\/2026\/lbr-0355","title":{"rendered":"New Votive Inscriptions from Eski\u015fehir Museum"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"image_styled image_fit_mobile\" style=\"width:736px;\">\n\t\t<div class=\"image_frame effect-none\"><div class=\"image_shadow_wrap\">\n\t\t<a class=\"image_size_medium image_no_link\" title=\"\" href=\"#\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/strikingr\/images\/9164_lbr.202602-734x278.jpg\" data-thumbnail=\"9164\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/figure>\n<h3>New Votive Inscriptions from Eski\u015fehir Museum<\/h3>\n<p><strong data-wp-editing=\"1\"><sub><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-3003\" src=\"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/ORCID_mini.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" \/><\/sub><\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7795-5970\"><strong data-wp-editing=\"1\">Necmettin ERAYDIN<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n<strong data-wp-editing=\"1\"><sub><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-3003\" src=\"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/ORCID_mini.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" \/><\/sub><\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3358-0828\"><strong data-wp-editing=\"1\">Ahmet T\u00dcRKAN<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n<div class=\"two_third\"><div class=\"divider_line\"><\/div>\n<p><strong><em>LIBRI <\/em>XII (2026) 15-25<br \/>\nReceived:<\/strong> 09.04.2026 | <strong>Accepted<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> 02.05.2026<br \/>\n<strong>DOI: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zenodo.org\/record\/20161691\">10.5281\/zenodo.20161691<\/a><br \/>\n<strong>Online Publication Date:<\/strong> 14.05.2026<\/p>\n<div class=\"divider_line\"><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"one_third last\"><div id=\"framed_box_e1b828f4af88f3b9dffc28095c58c870\" class=\"framed_box\">\n\t<div class=\"framed_box_content\">\n\t\t\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-45\" src=\"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/pdf.jpg\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" \/> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/lbr.202602.pdf\"><strong>Get PDF<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p data-wp-editing=\"1\"><a href=\"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/info.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-44\" src=\"http:\/\/journal.phaselis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/info.jpg\" alt=\"info\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" \/><\/a> <b><a href=\"#refs\">References<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"framed_box_space\"><\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"clearboth\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> This article presents the epigraphic and historical analysis of seven votive inscriptions preserved in the courtyard of the Eski\u015fehir Eti Archaeology Museum. Although these inscriptions were identified within the borders of Eski\u015fehir Province, their exact findspots remain unknown. It is therefore assumed that the objects may originate from the territories of settlements located within the provincial boundaries that existed at the time the inscriptions were produced; where necessary, the inscriptions have been evaluated within their own internal context. The first inscription was dedicated to the \u201cJust Gods\u201d (Theoi Dikaioi) by a <em>komarkhes<\/em> and priest of a settlement. Although parallels associated with Hosios kai Dikaios are known, this expression is attested here for the first time in the region as denoting a group of deities. The following three inscriptions are dedicated respectively to Hosios kai Dikaios, Theos Hypsistos, and Men. The fifth inscription is a fragment dedicated by the inhabitants of Doiga. The sixth inscription is dedicated to the local deity of a settlement named Dobana. They are introduced into the literature as two new toponyms. The final inscription is likewise fragmentary and preserves only part of the name of the dedicator. All inscriptions are dated to the 2<sup>nd<\/sup>\u20134<sup>th<\/sup> centuries CE and reflect the religious diversity of the Eski\u015fehir region in antiquity.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Theoi Dikaioi, Men, Theos Hypsistos, Hosios kai Dikaios, Komarkhes, Doiga<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00d6z:<\/strong> Bu makale, Eski\u015fehir Eti Arkeoloji M\u00fczesi bah\u00e7esinde muhafaza edilen yedi adak yaz\u0131t\u0131n\u0131n epigrafik ve tarihsel analizini sunmaktad\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu yaz\u0131tlar Eski\u015fehir ili s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde tespit edilmi\u015f olmakla birlikte, kesin buluntu yerleri bilinmemektedir. Bu nedenle eserlerin, il s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde yer alan ve yaz\u0131tlar\u0131n \u00fcretildi\u011fi d\u00f6nemde varl\u0131k g\u00f6steren yerle\u015fimlerden herhangi birinin h\u00e2kimiyet alan\u0131na ait olabilece\u011fi varsay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f; gerekli durumlarda ise yaz\u0131tlar kendi i\u00e7 ba\u011flamlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir. Yaz\u0131tlardan ilki, bir yerle\u015fimin <em>komarkhes<\/em>\u2019i ve rahibi taraf\u0131ndan \u201cadil tanr\u0131lara\u201d (Theoi Dikaioi) adanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ifade, daha \u00f6nce Hosios kai Dikaios ile ili\u015fkili \u00f6rnekler bilinmekle birlikte, bir tanr\u0131 grubunu niteleyecek \u015fekilde b\u00f6lgede ilk kez belgelenmektedir. Bunu izleyen \u00fc\u00e7 yaz\u0131t s\u0131ras\u0131yla Hosios kai Dikaios, Theos Hypsistos ve Men i\u00e7in d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Be\u015finci yaz\u0131t bir fragman olup Doiga sakinleri taraf\u0131ndan adanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Alt\u0131nc\u0131 yaz\u0131t, Dobana adl\u0131 yerle\u015fimin yerel tanr\u0131s\u0131na ithaf edilmi\u015ftir. Bu isimler iki yeni toponim olarak literat\u00fcre kazand\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Son yaz\u0131t ise yine bir fragman olup yaln\u0131zca adayan\u0131n isminin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 korunabilmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcm eserler MS 2\u20134. y\u00fczy\u0131llar aras\u0131na tarihlenmekte olup Eski\u015fehir b\u00f6lgesinin antik \u00e7a\u011fdaki dinsel \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Anahtar s\u00f6zc\u00fckler:<\/strong> Theoi Dikaioi, Men, Theos Hypsistos, Hosios kai Dikaios, Komarkhes, Doiga<\/p>\n<div class=\"divider_padding\"><\/div>\n<p><a name=\"refs\"><\/a><div class=\"tabs_container\"><ul class=\"tabs\"><li><a href=\"#\">References<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#\">Direct Link<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#\">About Author(s)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"panes\"><div class=\"pane\"><p>Aky\u00fcrek \u015eahin N. E. &amp; Uzuno\u011flu H. 2019, \u201cNeue Inschriften aus dem Museum von Eski\u015fehir\u201d. <em>Gephyra<\/em> 18, 137-191.<\/p>\n<p>Aky\u00fcrek \u015eahin N. E. &amp; Uzuno\u011flu H. 2020, \u201cNeue Weihungen an Hosios Kai Dikaios aus dem Museum von Eski\u015fehir\u201d.\u00a0<em>Gephyra<\/em>\u00a019, 189-230.<\/p>\n<p>Aky\u00fcrek \u015eahin N. E. &amp; Uzuno\u011flu H. 2021, \u201cNeue Inschriften aus dem phrygischen Hochland\u201d. <em>Gephyra<\/em> 21, 177-197.<\/p>\n<p>Aky\u00fcrek \u015eahin N. E. 2007, \u201cNeue Votivsteine aus dem Museum von Afyon\u201d. <em>Gephyra<\/em> 4, 1-14.<\/p>\n<p>Ameling W. 2005, \u201cKomarkhes\u201d. <em>BNP<\/em> 7, 87-88.<\/p>\n<p>Boyana H. 2019, \u201cPhrygia Epiktetos\u2019ta Men K\u00fclt\u00fc\u201d. <em>Ankara \u00dcniversitesi SBD<\/em> 10, 66-80.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00f6k\u00fc F. E. &amp; Kileci \u015e. 2022, \u201cAres Reliefs and a New Votive Inscription to Ares in the Rural Highlands of Kabalis \/ Kabalia\u201d. <em>Adalya <\/em>25, 105-124.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00f6k\u00fc F. E. &amp; Kileci \u015e. 2023, \u201cRock Reliefs of Zeus and his Thunderbolt in the High Plateau Settlements of Kabalis\/Kabalia\u201d. <em>Anadolu Anatolia <\/em>49, 73-96.<\/p>\n<p>Drew-Bear T., C. M. Thomas &amp; M. Y\u0131ld\u0131zturan 1999, <em>Phrygian Votive Steles<\/em>. Ankara.<\/p>\n<p>Erten E. 2023, \u201cZwei neue Inschriften aus Dorylaion\u201d. <em>Libri<\/em> 9, 1-12.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00f6kalp N. &amp; Akdo\u011fu Arca E. N. 2009, \u201cAntalya\u2019dan Yeni Adak Yaz\u0131tlar\u0131\u201d. <em>Adalya<\/em> 12, 261-275.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00fcney H. 2018, \u201cNew Inscriptions from Northeast Phrygia: The Cult of Hosios and Dikaios\u201d. <em>Gephyra<\/em> 15, 101-117.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130znik E. 2021, \u201cMS II ve III. Y\u00fczy\u0131llarda (Roma D\u00f6neminde) Dorylaion (Eski\u015fehir) ve Nacolea\u2019daki (Seyitgazi) Dinsel Yap\u0131\u201d. <em>OANNES<\/em> 3\/2, 505-534.<\/p>\n<p>K\u00f6rte A. 1897, \u201cRadet, En Phrygie\u201d. <em>GGA<\/em> 159\/5, 386-416.<\/p>\n<p>Lane E. N. 1971, <em>Corpus Monumentorum Religionis Dei Menis (CMRDM), Vol. <\/em><em>I: The Monuments and Inscriptions<\/em> (\u00c9tudes pr\u00e9liminaires aux religions orientales dans l\u2019Empire romain 19). Leiden.<\/p>\n<p>Lane E. N. 1976, <em>Corpus Monumentorum Religionis Dei Menis (CMRDM), Vol. III: Interpretations and Testimonia<\/em> (\u00c9tudes pr\u00e9liminaires aux religions orientales dans l\u2019Empire romain 19). Leiden.<\/p>\n<p>Lochman T. 2003, <em>Studien zu kaiserzeitlichen Grab- und Votivereliefs aus Phrygien<\/em>. Basel.<\/p>\n<p>Mitchell S. 1999, \u201cThe Cult of Theos Hypsistos between Pagans, Jews, and Christians\u201d. Eds. P. Athanassiadi &amp; M. Frede, <em>Pagan Monotheism in Late Antiquity<\/em>. Oxford, 81-148.<\/p>\n<p>Mitchell S. 2010, \u201cFurther Thoughts on the Cult of Theos Hypsistos\u201d. Eds. S. Mitchell &amp; P. Van Nuffelen, <em>One God: Pagan Monotheism in the Roman Empire<\/em>. Cambridge, 167-208.<\/p>\n<p>Preisigke F. 1921, \u201cKomarkhes\u201d. <em>RE<\/em> 21, col. 1129-1131.<\/p>\n<p>Prikhodko E. V. 2023, \u201c\u0421\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0438\u00bb \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u00ab\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0438\u00bb, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u041a\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0434\u044b, \u041c\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0430\u0434\u044b \u0438 \u0421\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u041b\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0438\u201d. <em>Indo-European Linguistics and Classical Philology<\/em> 27\/2, 946-994.<\/p>\n<p>Ramsay W. M. 1882, \u201cPrymnessos and Metropolis\u201d. <em>MDAI(A)<\/em> 7, 126-145.<\/p>\n<p>Ramsay W. M. 1887, \u201cThe Cities and Bishoprics of Phrygia (Continued)\u201d. <em>JHS<\/em> 8, 461-519.<\/p>\n<p>Ricl M. 1991, \u201cHosios kai Dikaios. Epithets of the Divine Justicer in the Lydian-Phrygian Context (Part I)\u201d. <em>EA<\/em> 18, 1-70.<\/p>\n<p>Ricl M. 1992a, \u201cHosios kai Dikaios. Epithets of the Divine Justicer in the Lydian-Phrygian Context (Part II)\u201d. <em>EA<\/em> 19, 71-103.<\/p>\n<p>Ricl M. 1992b, \u201cHosios kai Dikaios. Epithets of the Divine Justicer in the Lydian-Phrygian Context (Part III)\u201d. <em>EA<\/em> 20, 95-147.<\/p>\n<p>Smith T. J. 1997, \u201cVotive Reliefs from Balboura and Its Environs\u201d. <em>Anatolian Studies<\/em> 47, 3\u201349.<\/p>\n<p>Smith T. J. 2011, \u201cHighland Gods: Rock-Cut Votive Reliefs from the Pisidian Survey\u201d. <em>Anatolian Studies<\/em> 61, 133\u2013150.<\/p>\n<p>Uzuno\u011flu H. &amp; Aky\u00fcrek \u015eahin N. E. 2024, \u201cEine Neue Inschrift aus dem Territorium von Nikaia\u201d. <em>EA <\/em>55, 123-145.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div><div class=\"pane\"><p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Url: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/en\/2026\/lbr-0355\">http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/2026\/lbr-0355<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div><div class=\"pane\"><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Necmettin ERAYDIN<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Asst. Prof., Eski\u015fehir Anadolu University, Faculty of Humanities, Department of Archaeology, Eski\u015fehir, T\u00fcrkiye. <a href=\"mailto:necmi.eraydin@gmail.com\">necmi.eraydin@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ahmet T\u00dcRKAN<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Assoc. Prof., Eski\u015fehir Osmangazi University, Faculity of Humanities and Social Science, Department of History, Eski\u015fehir, T\u00fcrkiye. <a href=\"mailto:aturkan@ogu.edu.tr\">aturkan@ogu.edu.tr<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>New Votive Inscriptions from Eski\u015fehir Museum Necmettin ERAYDIN Ahmet T\u00dcRKAN Abstract: This article presents the epigraphic and historical analysis of seven votive inscriptions preserved in the courtyard of the Eski\u015fehir Eti Archaeology Museum. Although these inscriptions were identified within the borders of Eski\u015fehir Province, their exact findspots remain unknown. It is therefore assumed that the &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":9165,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[201,204],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9167","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-201","category-epigraphy-26"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9167","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9167"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9167\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9205,"href":"http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9167\/revisions\/9205"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9165"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9167"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9167"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9167"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}