{"id":4018,"date":"2018-12-06T17:26:26","date_gmt":"2018-12-06T15:26:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/2015-en\/trans-2015-en\/lbr-0175"},"modified":"2019-01-17T20:19:27","modified_gmt":"2019-01-17T18:19:27","slug":"lbr-0175","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/en\/2018-en\/lbr-0175","title":{"rendered":"M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n \u0130ktisadi D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve Analize Katk\u0131lar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"
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M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n \u0130ktisadi D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve Analize Katk\u0131lar\u0131<\/h2>\n

Abdul Azim ISLAH\u0130<\/h3>\n
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ISBN:<\/strong> 9786056701061
\nPage:<\/strong>\u00a0188
\nPublication Date:<\/strong>\u00a02017
\nLocation:<\/strong> \u0130stanbul
\nPublisher:\u00a0<\/strong>\u0130ktisat Yay\u0131nlar\u0131<\/p><\/div>

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LIBRI<\/em>\u00a0IV (2018) 387-390<\/strong>
\nDOI<\/strong>:\u00a010.20480\/lbr.2018045
\nReceived Date<\/strong>: 06.12.2018 | Acceptance Date<\/strong>: 06.12.2018
\nOnline Publication Date<\/strong>: 06.12.2018
\nCopyright \u00a9 Journal of Book Notices, Reviews and Translations, 2018<\/p>\n

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\"references\"\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0View PDF<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

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<\/div>A. A. ISLAH\u0130, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n \u0130ktisadi D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve Analize Katk\u0131lar\u0131<\/em>. \u0130stanbul 2017. \u0130ktisat Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 188 sayfa. <\/strong>\u00c7ev. F. F. Akosman \u2013 M. \u00d6zer. ISBN: 9786056701061<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n matematik, t\u0131p, co\u011frafya, tarih, sanat ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr alan\u00adlar\u0131nda Orta\u00e7a\u011f Avrupas\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkileri belgelenmi\u015ftir. Ancak ikti\u00adsa\u00addi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve kurumlar \u00fczerindeki etkisi tam anlam\u0131yla aktar\u0131lamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Baz\u0131 bat\u0131l\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar \u0130slam medeniyeti tarihi boyunca iktisadi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ala\u00adn\u0131nda herhangi bir ekol olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcren tarafl\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131mlarda bu\u00adlunmaktayd\u0131. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n iktisadi analize katk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yads\u0131yan bu yakla\u015f\u0131\u00adm\u0131n sonucu olarak ise Hellen ve Roma ekonomi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle Skolastik d\u00fc\u00ad\u015f\u00fcn\u00adce aras\u0131ndaki d\u00f6nemi kapsayan \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck bo\u015fluk\u201d do\u011fdu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde iddia\u00adlara rastlanmaktad\u0131r. Fakat Abdul Azim Islahi, bat\u0131l\u0131 bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n son y\u0131l\u00ad\u00adlarda M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n iktisada katk\u0131da bulundu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki de\u011fi\u015fen e\u011fi\u00adlim\u00ad\u00adlerini ve Avrupa R\u00f6nesans\u2019\u0131ndaki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman entelekt\u00fcel mirasa bor\u00e7\u00adluluk hissinin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunmaktad\u0131r. Bu savunmas\u0131n\u0131 \u201cM\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n \u0130kti\u00adsadi D\u00fc\u00ad\u015f\u00fcnce ve Analize Katk\u0131lar\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131yla desteklemektedir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u00admada genel olarak \u0130slam\u2019da iktisadi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin geli\u015fim evreleri ve ik\u00adtisadi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncede \u0130slam gelene\u011fi gibi konulara yer verilmektedir. Esere Do\u00e7. Dr. Ka\u00addir Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n Takdim<\/em>i ve Abdul Azim Islahi\u2019nin \u00d6ns\u00f6z<\/em>\u00fc ile ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 ya\u00adp\u0131lmak\u00adtad\u0131r. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n amac\u0131 k\u0131saca okuyucuya sunul\u00admak\u00ad\u00adtad\u0131r. Eserde M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n Orta\u00e7a\u011f Avrupas\u0131 iktisadi d\u00fc\u00ad\u015f\u00fcnce ve ku\u00adrumlar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkileri anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Eserin Giri\u015f <\/em>(1-10) b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde iktisadi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce tarihindeki \u201ckay\u0131p halka\u201d n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirmesi yap\u0131lmakta ve iktisadi problemlere \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler su\u00adnul\u00admak\u00adtad\u0131r. Modern iktisadi analizin arka plan\u0131nda, geriye uzanan bir bilin\u00e7\u00adlen\u00adme\u00adnin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekilmektedir. Bununla birlikte iktisadi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ta\u00adrihinin analizine dair bir literat\u00fcr de\u011ferlendirmesi yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca yi\u00adne bu b\u00f6\u00adl\u00fcmde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n plan\u0131 okuyucuya aktar\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yedi ana b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fan kitab\u0131n birinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u0130slam\u2019da \u0130ktisadi D\u00fc\u00ad\u015f\u00fcn\u00ad\u00adcenin Geli\u015fim Evreleri<\/em> (13-30) ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda detayland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu\u00adrada ik\u00adtisadi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131n\u0131 vahye dayanan bilginin olu\u015f\u00adturdu\u011fu sa\u00advunulmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca iktisadi fikirler olu\u015fum d\u00f6nemi, terc\u00fcme d\u00f6\u00adnemi, ye\u00adniden terc\u00fcme ve aktarma d\u00f6nemi olarak \u00fc\u00e7 ayr\u0131 evreye ay\u00adr\u0131larak de\u011ferlen\u00addirilmektedir. Yine bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde geleneksel iktisad\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131 olan Hellen ve Arap fikirlerinin terc\u00fcme faaliyetleri yoluyla \u0130slam bilim in\u00adsanlar\u0131na ula\u015fmas\u0131 ve s\u00f6z konusu fikirlerin onlar \u00fczerindeki etkilerine de\u011fi\u00adnilmektedir. \u0130ktisadi tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n o g\u00fcnlerin etik ve felsefi s\u00f6ylemleri \u00e7er\u00ad\u00e7e\u00advesinde \u015fekillendi\u011fi de savunulmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6ylelikle eserde M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bilim in\u00adsanlar\u0131n\u0131n felsefi \u00e7a\u00adl\u0131\u015fma ve terc\u00fcmeleriyle kendi iktisadi fikirlerinin akta\u00adr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna var\u0131l\u00admaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kitab\u0131n ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u0130slam \u0130ktisadi D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce Tarihi<\/em> (31-46) ana ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 al\u00adt\u0131n\u00adda De\u011fer Teorileri, Piyasa ve Fiyat Tespiti<\/em> alt ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131ndan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu\u00adrada de\u011fer teorisinin unsurlar\u0131 ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00adlerine yer verilmektedir. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Adam Smith\u2019in emek-de\u011fer teorisi, Ri\u00adcardo ve Marx\u2019\u0131n bu teoriye katk\u0131lar\u0131 k\u0131saca de\u011ferlendirilmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca ter\u00adminolojiyi kullanmaks\u0131z\u0131n marjinal faydaya dayal\u0131 de\u011fer tespitini kav\u00adra\u00adyan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ilim adamlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri incelenmektedir. De\u011ferin \u00dcretim Ma\u00adli\u00adyeti Teorisi<\/em> konusu \u0130bn Teymiyye\u2019nin de\u011ferlendirmelerine yer verilerek ak\u00adta\u00adr\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. De\u011ferin Emek Teorisi<\/em> ise \u0130bn Haldun\u2019un incelemeleriyle ele al\u0131n\u00admaktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte talep, arz ve fiyat, piyasa aksakl\u0131klar\u0131 ve fiyat kon\u00adt\u00adrol\u00fc konular\u0131yla M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ilim adamlar\u0131n\u0131n katk\u0131 ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerine yer veri\u00adlerek b\u00f6l\u00fcm sonland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130ktisadi D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncede \u0130slam Gelene\u011fi: \u00dcretim ve Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m<\/em> (47-59) ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 al\u00adt\u0131nda ele al\u0131nan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcmde M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretim faali\u00adyet\u00adlerinin temel unsurlar\u0131ndan olan tar\u0131m ve ticarete olan e\u011filimlerine vurgu yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca bu ki\u015filerin \u00fcretim fonksiyonunun optimizasyon ve s\u00fcr\u00add\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fi i\u00e7in gerekli olan \u00fcretim aktivitelerindeki ili\u015fkiler, i\u015f b\u00f6\u00adl\u00fcm\u00fc, be\u00ad\u015feri sermayenin rol\u00fc gibi \u00fcretime dayal\u0131 fikirleri oldu\u011fu savu\u00adnul\u00admaktad\u0131r. Sekt\u00f6rlerin ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131yla ilgili olarak \u00f6zel\u00adlikle Ga\u00adzali, \u015eeybani ve D\u0131me\u015fki\u2019nin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerine yer verilmektedir. Bu\u00adra\u00adda B\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Ekonomisi<\/em> alt ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u201ck\u00e2r\u201d, \u201c\u00fccret\u201d ve \u201crant\u201d kavramlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00adlanmakta ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n bu kavramlara y\u00f6nelik yakla\u00ad\u015f\u0131m\u00adlar\u0131na de\u011finil\u00admektedir.<\/p>\n

Kitab\u0131n d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ise \u0130ktisadi D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncede \u0130slam Gelene\u011fi: Para ve Faiz<\/em> (61-74) ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla incelenmektedir. Burada parasal d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin temel un\u00adsurlar\u0131 olan paran\u0131n karakteri ve fonksiyonlar\u0131, paran\u0131n de\u011fer kayb\u0131, enflas\u00ad\u00adyon ve paran\u0131n miktar teorisi gibi konularda M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bilim in\u00adsanlar\u0131n\u0131n yak\u00adla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilmektedir. \u201cFaiz\u201d kavram\u0131 ise \u201chastal\u0131kl\u0131 bir para kulla\u00adn\u0131m \u015fekli\u201d olarak nitelenmektedir. \u0130ktisadi D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncede \u0130slam Ge\u00adlene\u011fi: Devlet, Finans ve B\u00fcy\u00fcme<\/em> (75-101) ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitab\u0131n be\u015finci b\u00f6l\u00fc\u00adm\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturmakta\u00add\u0131r. Burada devletin iktisadi rol\u00fc, \u0130slam iktisat d\u00fc\u00ad\u015f\u00fcn\u00adcesinin \u00f6zel \u00f6nem verdi\u011fi kamu maliyesi, kamu gelirlerinin ana kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015f\u00adturan vergilendirme sistemleri, kamusal ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan har\u00adca\u00adma\u00adlar sonucundaki kamu bor\u00e7\u00adlanmas\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fcme kavram\u0131na olan yakla\u015f\u0131mlar M\u00fcs\u00adl\u00fcman bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerine yer verilerek a\u00e7\u0131klanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kitab\u0131n alt\u0131nc\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Orta\u00e7a\u011f Avrupas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u0130ktisadi D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye Katk\u0131s\u0131 ve Etkisi<\/em> (102-126) ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ele al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bilim in\u00adsanlar\u0131n\u0131n Hellen iktisadi fikirlerini ilerletmek ad\u0131na yapt\u0131klar\u0131 katk\u0131lar y\u00fczey\u00adsel olarak incelenmektedir. Bu inceleme ise Hellen iktisad\u0131 ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bi\u00adlim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n katk\u0131lar\u0131 orijinal kaynaklar referans al\u0131narak de\u011fil; bir de\u011fer\u00adlendirme d\u00fczeyinde yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Erken orta\u00e7a\u011f Hristiyan Bat\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n iktisadi sorunlar i\u00e7in herhangi bir altyap\u0131ya sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 vurgulanmakta ve bu tes\u00adpitler \u00f6rneklerle detayland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n skolastik ikti\u00adsat fikirlerine olan etkileri ve skolastik iktisad\u0131n y\u00fckseli\u015fine y\u00f6nelik de\u011ferlen\u00addirmeler yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kitab\u0131n son b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u0130slami \u0130ktisat D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi ile Ana Ak\u0131m \u0130ktisat Ara\u00ads\u0131ndaki \u0130li\u015fkiler<\/em> (127-152) ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ele al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. Burada Orta\u00e7a\u011f Avru\u00adpas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n fi\u00adkirlerini ilerletmek ve kurumlar\u0131n\u0131 in\u015fa etmek i\u00e7in M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kay\u00adnaklar\u0131n\u0131 ve bu kaynaklardaki mevcut bilgileri kulland\u0131klar\u0131 vurgulan\u00admakta\u00add\u0131r. Ba\u011flant\u0131 ka\u00adnallar\u0131 noktas\u0131nda ise terc\u00fcme faaliyetlerinin, Avrupal\u0131 \u00f6\u011f\u00adren\u00adciler vas\u0131tas\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen s\u00f6zl\u00fc iletimin, ticaret olgusu ve ticari ili\u015f\u00adki\u00adlerin, Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Sefer\u00adleri\u2019nin, diplomatik g\u00f6revlendirmelerin, hac yolculuklar\u0131n\u0131n, manast\u0131rlar\u0131n ve misyoner faaliyetlerinin \u00f6nemine dikkat \u00e7ekilmektedir. Ay\u00adr\u0131ca ana ak\u0131m ikti\u00adsad\u0131nda M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n yerini g\u00f6steren bir soya\u011fac\u0131na yer verilmektedir ve burada Hellen fikirlerinin hemen sonras\u0131nda M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kat\u00adk\u0131lar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmek\u00adtedir. Bu s\u0131ralamay\u0131 ise skolastikler, merkantalistler ve fizyokratlar izlemekte\u00addir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Orta\u00e7a\u011f Avrupas\u0131 iktisadi geli\u015fim s\u00fcre\u00adcin\u00adde \u0130slam iktisad\u0131n\u0131n etkileri \u00f6nemli rol oynamaktad\u0131r. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n \u0130kti\u00adsadi D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve Analize Katk\u0131lar\u0131<\/em> adl\u0131 bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n Sonu\u00e7<\/em> (153-162) b\u00f6l\u00fc\u00adm\u00fcnde eserin genel bir de\u00ad\u011ferlendirmesi yap\u0131lmakta ve okuyucuya \u00f6zet bil\u00adgiler sunulmaktad\u0131r. Orta\u00e7a\u011f Avrupas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n iktisadi \u00f6\u011fretisine ili\u015fkin yap\u0131lacak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kat\u00adk\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilemeyece\u011fi vurgulan\u00admak\u00adta\u00add\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kitapta genel olarak iktisat alan\u0131nda, \u00f6zellikle iktisadi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce alan\u0131nda, \u0130s\u00adlam medeniyeti ve Orta\u00e7a\u011f Avrupa k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7ok boyutlu ba\u011flar\u0131na ve ba\u00adt\u0131l\u0131 bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n Avrupa R\u00f6nesans\u2019\u0131ndaki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman entelekt\u00fcel mi\u00adrasa bor\u00e7luluk hissinin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Akdeniz \u00dcniversitesi
\nkdeniz Uygarl\u0131klar\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc
\n<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n

Gizem MUSUL (Ar\u015f. G\u00f6r.)<\/strong>
\ngizemmusul@akdeniz.edu.tr<\/strong><\/p>\n

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