{"id":3596,"date":"2018-01-27T16:22:52","date_gmt":"2018-01-27T14:22:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/2015-en\/trans-2015-en\/lbr-0147"},"modified":"2018-02-12T20:21:51","modified_gmt":"2018-02-12T18:21:51","slug":"lbr-0147","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/en\/2018-en\/lbr-0147","title":{"rendered":"Pero Tafur Seyahatnamesi (9 May\u0131s 1437 – 22 May\u0131s 1438)"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Pero Tafur Seyahatnamesi (9 May\u0131s 1437 – 22 May\u0131s 1438)<\/h2>\n

Hakan KILIN\u00c7<\/h3>\n
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ISBN:<\/strong> 97860510515436
\nPage:<\/strong> 198
\nPublication Date:<\/strong>\u00a02016
\nLocation:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0130stanbul
\nPublisher: <\/strong>Kitap Yay\u0131nevi<\/p><\/div>

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LIBRI<\/em>\u00a0III (2017) 85-89<\/strong>
\nDOI<\/strong>:\u00a010.20480\/lbr.2018017
\nReceived Date<\/strong>: 16.01.2018 | Acceptance Date<\/strong>: 22.01.2018
\nOnline Publication Date<\/strong>: 25.01.2018
\nCopyright \u00a9 Journal of Book Notices, Reviews and Translations,\u00a02018<\/p>\n

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H. KILIN\u00c7 (\u00c7ev.), Pero Tafur Seyahatnamesi<\/em> (9 May\u0131s 1437 – 22 May\u0131s 1438). \u0130stanbul 2016. Kitap Yay\u0131nevi, 198 sayfa.\u00a0 ISBN: 97860510515436<\/strong><\/p>\n

Do\u011fu Akdeniz tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nem arz eden eser, Mu\u011fla S\u0131tk\u0131 Ko\u00e7man \u00dcni\u00adversitesi, Edebiyat Fak\u00fcltesi Tarih B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Ara\u015ft\u0131rma G\u00f6revlisi Hakan K\u0131l\u0131n\u00e7 taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7evirisi yap\u0131larak T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye kazand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zg\u00fcn ad\u0131 Andan\u00e7as E Viajes De Petro Diversas Partes Del Mundo Avodos<\/em> olan Pero Tafur Seyahat\u00adnamesi K\u0131saltmalar (7), Haritalar (8), \u00d6ns\u00f6z (5-10) k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131yla ba\u015flamaktad\u0131r. Akabinde, \u00e7evirmen taraf\u0131ndan seyahatname hakk\u0131nda bilgi verilen birinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm, Pero Tafur ve Seyahatnamesi <\/em>(11-54) ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na sahiptir. \u0130kinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00adse Andan\u00e7as E Viajes<\/em> (Do\u011fu Seyahati) (55-178) ad\u0131 alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Eser, Kaynak\u00e7a<\/em> (182-189) ve de Dizin<\/em> (190-198) k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131yla tamamlanmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma, 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda Kitap Yay\u0131nevi taraf\u0131ndan bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7evirmen, kitab\u0131n \u00d6ns\u00f6z<\/em> (9-10) k\u0131sm\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n, kendisinin Annales<\/em> ekol\u00fcnden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilhamla, Pero Tafur\u2019un Do\u011fu seyahatini ve bu seyahati anla\u00adtan seyahatnamenin Do\u011fu Akdeniz ve Karadeniz \u00e7evresini konu edindi\u011fini ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz tarihinin ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lmas\u0131na katk\u0131 sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Kitab\u0131n Birinci B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Pero Tafur ve Seyahatnamesi <\/em>(11-54) ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131\u00admaktad\u0131r. Birinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm \u00e7evirmen taraf\u0131ndan kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olup, Pero Ta\u00adfur\u2019un hayat\u0131 hakk\u0131nda farkl\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131n taranmas\u0131 sonucunda ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bilgi\u00adleri ve \u00e7eli\u015fkileri ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Pero Tafur\u2019un 1436-1439 tarihleri ara\u00ads\u0131nda Do\u011fu Akdeniz ve Orta Avrupa\u2019y\u0131 kapsayan gezisini anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 seyahatna\u00admesi, tek n\u00fcsha olarak g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kendisinin seyahatini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fi devir, bat\u0131da Roma\u2019n\u0131n, do\u011fuda Do\u011fu Roma\u2019n\u0131n ve Memluk miraslar\u0131n\u0131n Akdeniz\u2019in yeni akt\u00f6rlerine devredildi\u011fi Orta\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n en kritik devri\u00adni olu\u015fturan zaman dilimine denk d\u00fc\u015fmektedir. Pero Tafur, Osmanl\u0131 Devle\u00adti\u2019nin geni\u015fledi\u011fi, Venedik ve Ceneviz\u2019in de n\u00fcfuzunun artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Akdeniz orta\u00adm\u0131n\u00adda, \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l s\u00fcrecek olan Do\u011fu Akdeniz, Karadeniz ve Orta Avrupa seyaha\u00adtine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Pero Tafur\u2019un Do\u011fu Akdeniz, Karadeniz Seyahati, Seyahat G\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131 ve G\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131 \u00dczerinde Bulunan \u00dclkeler ve Halklar Hakk\u0131ndaki \u0130zlenimleri <\/em>(19-20) adl\u0131 alt ba\u015fl\u0131k, seyahatname yazar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130talya, Kutsal Topraklar, M\u0131s\u0131r, K\u0131br\u0131s, Ada\u00adlar, Do\u011fu Roma ve Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131 ile Karadeniz seyahatlerini kapsa\u00admaktad\u0131r. Di\u011fer alt ba\u015fl\u0131k, seyyah\u0131n gezdi\u011fi yerlerin genel bir de\u011ferlendirme\u00adsini i\u00e7ermektedir. Eserin Terc\u00fcmesinde Takip Edilen Y\u00f6ntem <\/em>(51-53) adl\u0131 alt ba\u015fl\u0131k ise \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada takip edilen terc\u00fcme y\u00f6ntemi hakk\u0131nda bilgi verirken ay\u00adn\u0131 zamanda \u00e7evirideki imla hatalar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ermekte ve baz\u0131 olaylar\u0131, asl\u0131na sad\u0131k kalmak suretiyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Takdim B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc <\/em>(57-58) ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda seyyah, eserini Seny\u00f6r Don Fernando de Guzman\u2019a ithaf etmekte ve seyahatnamesini yazma nedeni \u00fczerinde durmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci B\u00f6l\u00fcm Do\u011fu Seyahati\/Andan\u00e7as E Viajes <\/em>(59-181) ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na sahiptir. B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn, San Lucar De Barrameda\u2019dan \u0130talya\u2019ya Seyahat <\/em>(59-64) adl\u0131 alt ba\u015f\u00adl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda seyyah, Cebelitar\u0131k Bo\u011faz\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnden sonra Cadiz Liman\u0131\u2019ndan ayr\u0131\u00adl\u0131p Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019e do\u011fru yol alma s\u00fcrecini aktarmaktad\u0131r. Akabinde, k\u0131y\u0131 \u015feri\u00addi boyunca takip ettikleri g\u00fczerg\u00e2htaki adalar hakk\u0131nda bilgiler vermektedir. \u0130talyan \u015eehirleri <\/em>(64-70) adl\u0131 di\u011fer alt ba\u015fl\u0131kta seyyah, Akdeniz\u2019deki \u00f6nemli li\u00adman kentlerinde kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcre boyunca sahip oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zlemlerini aktarmak\u00adtad\u0131r. \u0130nan\u00e7l\u0131 bir H\u0131ristiyan olan Tafur, Kud\u00fcs yolculu\u011funa \u00e7\u0131kmadan evvel Bologna \u015fehrinde bulunan Papa\u2019dan izin istemek amac\u0131yla kendisini ziyarete gider ve May\u0131s ay\u0131na kadar H\u0131ristiyan \u00fclkelerini gezmeye karar verir. Ro\u00adma\u2019n\u0131n Antik\u00e7a\u011f Yap\u0131lar\u0131 <\/em>(70-79) alt ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u201c\u015fehir g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck zul\u00fcm\u00adlere, prensler aras\u0131ndaki ihtilaflar\u0131n beraberinde getirdi\u011fi \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015fe, kudretli kral\u00adlar\u0131n \u015fehre kar\u015f\u0131 giri\u015fti\u011fi sava\u015flara ve getirdi\u011fi y\u0131k\u0131mlara ve i\u00e7inde her \u015fe\u00adyin t\u00fckendi\u011fi zaman\u0131n kadimli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131n g\u00f6rmek isteyene, bir zamanlar ne ka\u00addar g\u00f6rkemli oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir\u201d <\/em>ifadesiyle seyyah, Roma\u2019n\u0131n o d\u00f6nemki du\u00adrumunu \u00f6zetlemektedir. Roma\u2019dan Venedik\u2019e <\/em>(79-82) adl\u0131 alt ba\u015fl\u0131kta tica\u00adret \u015fehri olan Venedik\u2019e, farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelerden s\u00fcrekli gemiler geldi\u011fine de\u011finil\u00admekte, bu nedenle \u201ce\u011fer bir kimse bir yerden haber almak istiyorsa sadece gemileri soru\u015fturmas\u0131 yeterlidir<\/em>\u201d ifadesine yer verilmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Venedik\u2019ten Yafa\u2019ya <\/em>(82-88) adl\u0131 alt ba\u015fl\u0131kta, Venedik idaresindeki adalar\u00addan bahsedilmektedir. Rodos Adas\u0131\u2019ndaki Kud\u00fcs \u015e\u00f6valyeleri ve bunlar\u0131n se\u00e7ilme \u015fekillerine de dikkat \u00e7ekilmektedir. Kutsal Topraklar <\/em>(88-96) adl\u0131 alt ba\u015fl\u0131kta Hristiyanlar\u0131n Ha\u00e7 vazifelerini nas\u0131l yerine getirdikleri ve bu vazifeleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda nereleri ziyaret ettikleri hakk\u0131nda bilgi verilmektedir. Kendisi de Ha\u00e7 vazifesini tamamlayan seyyah, K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019a do\u011fru yola \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n

Kutsal Topraklardan K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019a <\/em>(96-100) adl\u0131 alt ba\u015fl\u0131kta seyyah, Babil ve Sina Yar\u0131madas\u0131\u2019na yapaca\u011f\u0131 seyahat i\u00e7in izin almak arzusuyla K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019a gitti\u011fini ve orada samimi duygular ile kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aktarmaktad\u0131r. Akabinde, K\u0131br\u0131s kra\u00adl\u0131n\u0131n kendisinin geli\u015f sebebinden haberdar oldu\u011funu ve bu sebeple Memluk \u00fclkesine el\u00e7i g\u00f6nderece\u011fini ve de bu g\u00f6revi kendisinin yerine getirmesini istedi\u011fini bildirmektedir. Bunun \u00fczerine Tafur, el\u00e7i s\u0131fat\u0131yla Memluk Devle\u00adti\u2019ne do\u011fru yola \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tafur\u2019un K\u0131br\u0131s El\u00e7isi Olarak Memluk \u00dclkesine Seyahati <\/em>(101-128) adl\u0131 alt ba\u015fl\u0131kta, el\u00e7ilik g\u00f6revinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, seyyah kimli\u011fi ile \u00fclkeyi dola\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada ken\u00addi\u00adsinin (bazen) \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131kla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 olaylar\u0131 ve ba\u015f\u0131ndan ge\u00e7enleri an\u00adlatmaktad\u0131r. Tafur, K\u0131br\u0131s kral\u0131n\u0131n taleplerini iletmek i\u00e7in Sultan\u0131n huzuruna \u00e7\u0131k\u00adm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Seyyah, sarayda terc\u00fcman mektuplar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l okundu\u011funa dair k\u0131sa bir bilgi de verir. \u201cT\u00fcrk dilinde sesli okunur, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc hi\u00e7 kimse ne sultan\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00adde ne de sarayda ba\u015fka dil konu\u015fur<\/em>\u201d c\u00fcmlesi ile de saray dili hakk\u0131nda bilgi vermektedir. M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019dan Sina Yar\u0131madas\u0131\u2019na, \u0130talyan Seyyah Niccolo De Conti \u0130le Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 <\/em>(112-117) adl\u0131 alt ba\u015fl\u0131kta Tafur, el\u00e7ilik g\u00f6revini tamam\u00adla\u00admas\u0131na takiben Sina Yar\u0131madas\u0131\u2019na do\u011fru yolculu\u011funu aktarmaktad\u0131r. Burada manast\u0131rda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde Hindistan\u2019a gitme yollar\u0131 arad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve Hindistan\u2019dan iki ve \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde bir kervan gelece\u011fini haber ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u00admaktad\u0131r. Bu kervanda Niccolo de Conti ad\u0131nda bir Venediklinin yolculuk yap\u00adt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fini bu ki\u015finin kendisine Hindistan\u2019a yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 seyahatin sonu\u00e7la\u00adr\u0131n\u0131 anlatmas\u0131 \u00fczerine onun tavsiyesine uyarak bu seyahatten vazge\u00e7ti\u011fini s\u00f6y\u00adle\u00admektedir. Sina Da\u011f\u0131\u2019ndan D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f, Niccolo De Conti\u2019n\u0131n Anlatt\u0131klar\u0131 <\/em>(117-124) adl\u0131 alt ba\u015fl\u0131kta Tafur, kendisinin Babil yolculu\u011funu, Niccolo De Conti\u2019n\u0131n an\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ve ondan duyduklar\u0131n\u0131 aktarmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Babil <\/em>(Kahire) (124-128) adl\u0131 alt ba\u015fl\u0131kta, Babil\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bir infaza \u015fahit oldu\u011funu ve bunun nedenini sordu\u011funda ba\u015f terc\u00fcman\u0131n kendisine n\u00fcfuslar\u0131n\u0131n kalabal\u0131k oldu\u011funu ve de \u201chem su\u00e7luyu hem de su\u00e7u izleyeni ceza\u00adlan\u00add\u0131rmazsak bizim i\u00e7in ya\u015famak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmazd\u0131<\/em>\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fini aktar\u0131r. Seyahatnamesinde detayl\u0131 anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu olay Memluk Devleti adalet yap\u0131s\u0131 hakk\u0131nda ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 vermektedir. \u0130skenderiye, K\u0131br\u0131s ve Rodos <\/em>(128-134) adl\u0131 alt ba\u015fl\u0131kta Memluk \u00fclkesinden ayr\u0131lan seyyah, f\u0131rt\u0131nalara ve sald\u0131r\u0131lara ma\u00adruz kalarak zor bir yolculuk ge\u00e7irdi\u011fini belirtmektedir. Di\u011fer adalardan farkl\u0131 olarak Rodos Adas\u0131\u2019nda, \u00f6len \u00fcstat \u015f\u00f6valyenin g\u00f6m\u00fclme \u015fekline ve yeni se\u00e7ilecek olan \u015f\u00f6valyenin se\u00e7imine ve kutlamalar\u0131na \u015fahit olur. Sak\u0131z Adas\u0131, Tro\u00adya, \u00c7anakkale Bo\u011faz\u0131 <\/em>(Dardinelo), Pera <\/em>(134-140) adl\u0131 alt ba\u015fl\u0131kta ba\u015f\u0131n\u00addan ge\u00e7en zorlu yolculuklar\u0131, kimi zaman T\u00fcrkler ve kimi zamanda Venedikli\u00adler taraf\u0131ndan u\u011frad\u0131klar\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131, ayr\u0131ca Ceneviz ve Venedik sava\u015flar\u0131 so\u00adnucu harap olan yerleri anlatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Konstantinopolis <\/em>(141-148) adl\u0131 alt ba\u015fl\u0131kta, zorlu yolculuk sonunda Kons\u00adtantinopolis\u2019e ula\u015fan Tafur burada imparator taraf\u0131ndan samimi bir \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, oraya imparatorluk soyuna dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenen soyuyla ilgili ger\u00e7e\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in gitti\u011fini ve imparatorun bu hususun ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lma\u00ads\u0131n\u0131 emretti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemektedir. Edirne <\/em>(Andrenopoli) (149-153) adl\u0131 alt ba\u015fl\u0131kta Cenevizlilerin arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Sultan II. Murat ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011funu be\u00adlirtmekte ve sultan\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc, ordusunu, Osmanl\u0131 halk\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ve de giyim ku\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde tasvir etmektedir. Kendisi, Sultan Mu\u00adrat\u2019\u0131n av merasimine -yine- Cenevizliler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu minvalde, Osmanl\u0131-Ceneviz ili\u015fkilerinin d\u00fczeyini g\u00f6stermesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da Pero Tafur Seyahatnamesi \u00f6nemli ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 vermektedir. Trabzon <\/em>(153-154) adl\u0131 alt ba\u015f\u00adl\u0131kta, Konstantinopolis\u2019te haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa ba\u015flayarak Kefe\u2019ye do\u011fru yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Sinop ve Trabzon\u2019da duraklad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te de Trabzon \u0130mparatoru ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc aktarmaktad\u0131r. Kefe ve Eski K\u0131r\u0131m <\/em>(154-161) adl\u0131 alt ba\u015fl\u0131ktaysa, kozmopolit bir yap\u0131ya sahip ve k\u00f6le ticaret merkezi olan Kefe\u2019nin, Tatar hima\u00adyesinde fakat Ceneviz tekelinde oldu\u011fundan bahsetmektedir. K\u00f6le ticareti\u00adnin boyutlar\u0131, se\u00e7ilme \u015fekilleri, teminatlar\u0131 ve di\u011fer ticaret mallar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda da geni\u015f bilgiler vermektedir. Konstantinopolis <\/em>(161-172) adl\u0131 alt ba\u015fl\u0131kta, Kefe yolculu\u011funun ard\u0131ndan Konstantinopolis\u2019e gelen Tafur, Do\u011fu Roma Devleti\u2019nin kutsal mek\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131 gezmi\u015f bir ki\u015fi olarak, harap ve k\u00f6t\u00fc bir halde olan halk ve \u015fehir hakk\u0131nda g\u00f6zlemlerini aktararak, devletin bu durumda olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedenine dair sebepler sunmu\u015ftur. Bursa Seyahati ve Split <\/em>(Spa\u00adlato) \u015eehrine D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f <\/em>(172-178) alt ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Bursa\u2019n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki di\u011fer \u015fehirlerden daha b\u00fcy\u00fck, daha iyi durumda oldu\u011funu ve \u00f6nemli bir ticaret \u015feh\u00adri oldu\u011funa de\u011finmektedir. Tafur, Konstantinopolis d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnden sonra k\u0131\u00ady\u0131 \u015feridi boyunca, adalara u\u011frayarak Venedik yolunu tutmu\u015ftur. Parenzo ve Ve\u00adnedik\u2019e D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f <\/em>(178-179) adl\u0131 son ba\u015fl\u0131k ise, seyyah\u0131n Kutsal Topraklara git\u00admek \u00fczere \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 seyahatini ayn\u0131 g\u00fcnde tamamlayarak Do\u011fu Akdeniz seyaha\u00adtini sonland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 vurgulanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Eser, Do\u011fu Akdeniz ve Karadeniz\u2019de d\u00f6nemin sosyal, ekonomik ve k\u00fclt\u00fc\u00adrel baz\u0131 hususlar\u0131na \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Akabinde, Ak\u00addeniz ticaretinin canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve devletleraras\u0131 ili\u015fkiler hakk\u0131nda bilgi vermektedir. Ayr\u0131ca, Memluk ve Do\u011fu Roma Devleti\u2019ne de geni\u015f yer verilmi\u015ftir. Bu husus da d\u00f6nemi \u00e7al\u0131\u015facaklar i\u00e7in akademik de\u011fer ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Akdeniz \u00dcniversitesi
\nAkdeniz Uygarl\u0131klar\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc
\n<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n

\u00dclk\u00fc Nur POLAT (MA)<\/strong>
\nulkunurpolatt@gmail.com<\/strong><\/p>\n

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