{"id":2914,"date":"2017-06-23T17:46:07","date_gmt":"2017-06-23T14:46:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/2015-en\/trans-2015-en\/lbr-0101"},"modified":"2017-07-10T14:11:30","modified_gmt":"2017-07-10T11:11:30","slug":"lbr-0101","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.libridergi.org\/en\/2017-en\/lbr-0101","title":{"rendered":"J\u00fcl Sezar\u2019\u0131n \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fc: Tarihteki En \u00dcnl\u00fc Suikast\u0131n \u00d6yk\u00fcs\u00fc"},"content":{"rendered":"
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J\u00fcl Sezar\u2019\u0131n \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fc: Tarihteki En \u00dcnl\u00fc Suikast\u0131n \u00d6yk\u00fcs\u00fc<\/h2>\n

Barry STRAUSS<\/h3>\n
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ISBN: <\/strong>9786050204735
\nPage:<\/strong>\u00a0368
\nPublication Date:<\/strong>\u00a02015
\nLocation:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0130stanbul
\nPublisher:<\/strong> Say Yay\u0131nlar\u0131<\/p><\/div>

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<\/div>\nLIBRI<\/em> III (2017) 181-184<\/strong>
\nDOI<\/strong>:\u00a010.20480\/lbr.2017019
\nReceived Date<\/strong>: 11.05.2017 | Received Date<\/strong>: 31.05.2017
\nOnline Publication Date<\/strong>: 23.06.2017
\nCopyright \u00a9 Journal of Book Notices, Reviews and Translations, 2017<\/p>\n

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B. STRAUSS, J\u00fcl Sezar\u2019\u0131n \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fc: Tarihteki En \u00dcnl\u00fc Suikast\u0131n \u00d6yk\u00fcs\u00fc. \u0130stanbul 2015. Say Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 368 sayfa (3 harita ve 16 resim ile birlikte). \u00c7ev. E. Duru. ISBN: 9786050204735<\/strong><\/p>\n

Barry Strauss taraf\u0131ndan 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u2018The Death of Caesar: The Story of Fa\u00admous Assasination<\/em>\u2019 ad\u0131yla \u0130ngilizce yay\u0131mlanan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ekin Du\u00adru taraf\u0131ndan \u2018J\u00fcl Sezar\u2019\u0131n \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fc: Tarihteki En \u00dcnl\u00fc Suikast\u0131n \u00d6yk\u00fcs\u00fc<\/em>\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye \u00e7evrilmi\u015ftir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcm halinde incelenen Gaius Iulius Caesar\u2019a ge\u00e7ilmeden \u00f6nce ilk olarak M\u00d6 I. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ya\u015fanan olaylar\u0131n tarihlerinin verildi\u011fi Kronoloji<\/em> (9-10) ve Ki\u015filer<\/em> (11-20) k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131na yer verilmi\u015f\u00adtir. Iulius Caesar d\u00f6nemindeki ya\u015fayan \u00f6nemli ki\u015fileri be\u015f ba\u015fl\u0131k halinde k\u0131sa bir \u015fekilde tan\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan kitab\u0131n bu ilk k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u0130talya Yar\u0131ma\u00addas\u0131, Akdeniz\u2019de Roma Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin egemenlik alan\u0131 ve Roma kentinin haritas\u0131 okuyucuyla payla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Birinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm, Roma\u2019ya D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f<\/em> (21-96) ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131makta olup bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde Caesar\u2019\u0131n Hispanya\u2019dan Roma\u2019ya d\u00f6nmesiyle ba\u015flamakta ve suikasta u\u011fraya\u00adca\u011f\u0131 zamana kadarki olaylar ve ki\u015filer anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6l\u00fcm d\u00f6rt ba\u015fl\u0131ktan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn birinci ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Sezar\u2019la Birlikte Yol Almak\u2019<\/em>ta (23-36) M\u00d6 A\u011fustos 46 y\u0131l\u0131nda Kuzey \u0130talya\u2019dan Roma\u2019ya ge\u00e7ecek olan Caesar\u2019\u0131n Me\u00addi\u00adolanum kentine alayla girmesi konu edinmektedir. Bu alay ge\u00e7i\u015finde ken\u00adte Caesar ile beraber giren Decimus, Marcus Antonius ve Octavianus\u2019un \u00fczerin\u00adde durulmakta ve hayatlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda k\u0131sa bilgiler sunulmaktad\u0131r. Akabinde Mediolanum kentine giren bu d\u00f6rt ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda analizlere yer verilmektedir. \u0130kinci ba\u015fl\u0131k, En \u0130yiler\u2019<\/em>de (37-52) optimates<\/em> (en iyiler) ile populares<\/em> (halk\u00e7\u0131lar) terimlerinin neyi ifade etti\u011fi ve Caesar\u2019la ne \u015fekilde bir ili\u015fkilerinin bulundu\u011fu irdelenmektedir. Bu ba\u015fl\u0131kta ayr\u0131ca Brutus ve annesi Servilia, Cicero, Cato ve Porcia \u00fczerinde de durularak anahtar bilgiler sunulmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle Mar\u00adcus Iunuis Brutus\u2019un Caesar\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 saf de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ba\u015fl\u0131k, Villada Al\u0131nan Karar<\/em> (53-74) ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Bu ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda M\u00d6 A\u011fustos 45\u2019de Hispanya\u2019dan \u0130talya\u2019ya d\u00f6nen Caesar\u2019\u0131n Labici\u2019de bulunan vil\u00adla\u00ads\u0131ndaki durumu d\u00f6nemin historiograf<\/em>lar\u0131 Suetonius, Cassius Dio, Cicero, Damascuslu Nicolaus ve Caesar\u2019\u0131n kendi yazm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu \u0130\u00e7 sava\u015f<\/em> ve Galia Sava\u015f\u0131<\/em> gibi birincil kaynaklar do\u011frultusunda i\u015flenmektedir. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra i\u00e7 sava\u015f sonras\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ayr\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131, Caesar\u2019\u0131n karakteri, Kleopatra ile ili\u015fkisi, Roma halk\u0131n\u0131n sevgisini kazanmak amac\u0131yla yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu reformlar ve Octavianus\u2019u vasiyetnamesinde evlat edinmesi \u00fczerinde durulmaktad\u0131r. D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc ba\u015fl\u0131k, Sezar\u2019\u0131n Son Seferi<\/em> (75-96) Labici\u2019deki villas\u0131ndan ayr\u0131lan Cae\u00adsar\u2019\u0131n M\u00d6 45 y\u0131l\u0131 Ekim ay\u0131nda Roma\u2019ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyle ba\u015flamaktad\u0131r. Ard\u0131n\u00addan diktat\u00f6rl\u00fckten tanr\u0131l\u0131\u011fa y\u00fckseltilen Caesar\u2019\u0131n durumu ve kendisine veri\u00adlen pater patriae<\/em> (vatan\u0131n babas\u0131) ve imperator<\/em> (imparator) gibi unvanlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde durularak Romal\u0131lar\u0131n Quirinus olarak bildi\u011fi Romulus ile bir kar\u015f\u0131\u00adla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na yer verilmektedir. Akabinde do\u011fu seferi d\u00fczenleme d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce\u00adsinde olan Caesar\u2019\u0131n Roma\u2019da i\u015fleri d\u00fczene koyup seferi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirme ar\u00adzusu okuyucuya nakledilmekle beraber Roma\u2019da ya\u015fanan olaylar anlat\u0131l\u00admaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm, Ta\u015flardaki Kan<\/em> (97-193) ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131makta olup \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n en \u00f6nemli b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc olarak \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm kendi i\u00e7erisinde alt\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131k\u00adtan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn ba\u015f\u0131nda M\u00d6 15 Mart 44 y\u0131l\u0131nda suikasta u\u011fraya\u00adcak olan Gaius Iulius Caesar\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fturulan plan \u00fczerinde durulmakla beraber buna m\u00fcteakiben Caesar\u2019\u0131n cenaze t\u00f6reni anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn birinci ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Komplonun Do\u011fu\u015fu<\/em> (99-124) ismini ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Burada Gaius Cassius Longinus ile Brutus\u2019un ili\u015fkisi \u00fczerinde durulmakta ve bu ba\u011flamda komploculardan Brutus \u00f6zellikle irdelenmektedir. Akabinde Caesar\u2019\u0131n eski adamlar\u0131ndan Decimus\u2019tan bahsedilerek komplodaki yeri anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130kinci ba\u015fl\u0131k, Suikast\u00e7\u0131lar Aran\u0131yor\u2019<\/em>da (125-150) Cassius, Brutus ve Deci\u00admus\u2019un kendilerine yard\u0131m edecek yanda\u015f aramalar\u0131 konu edilmekle beraber suikast plan\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Yine bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde suikast\u00e7\u0131la\u00adr\u0131n Cicero ve Marcus Antonius ile aralar\u0131ndaki ba\u011f incelenmekle beraber Marcus Antonius\u2019un Caesar\u2019a olan ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde durulur. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ba\u015fl\u0131k, Sezar Evden Ayr\u0131l\u0131yor<\/em> (151-174) ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Bu ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda M\u00d6 15 Mart 44\u2019de evinden Senatus<\/em>\u2019a gidecek olan Caesar\u2019\u0131n kar\u0131s\u0131 Calpurnia\u2019n\u0131n r\u00fcyas\u0131ndan bahsedilerek konuya girilmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca k\u00e2hin Spurinna\u2019dan bah\u00adsedilerek Caesar ile dostlu\u011funa ve diktat\u00f6re s\u00f6ylemi\u015f oldu\u011fu kehanet \u00fcze\u00adrinde durulur. Ard\u0131ndan suikast\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n Roma kentinde olas\u0131 durumlar i\u00e7in alm\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 tedbir anlat\u0131l\u0131r. D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc ba\u015fl\u0131k, Cinayet<\/em>\u2019te (175-194) M\u00d6 15 Mart 44\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen suikast hakk\u0131nda betimlemelere yer verilmektedir. Bu ba\u011flamda Senatus<\/em> salonu, suikast\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n kullanm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu han\u00e7erler ve Caesar\u2019\u0131n suikast s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki tepkisi Suetonius, Cassius Dio, Plutarkhos ve Appianus gibi antik historiograflar ve biyograflar taraf\u0131ndan etrafl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Be\u015finci ba\u015fl\u0131k, B\u0131\u00e7ak S\u0131rt\u0131nda Bir Cumhuriyet<\/em> (195-222) ismini ta\u015f\u0131makta olup suikast sonras\u0131 Roma kentinin durumu anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu do\u011frultuda suikast ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftikten sonra Senatus<\/em>\u2019ta ve Roma\u2019da ya\u015fanan anar\u015fi ortam\u0131 betimlenmekte ve Brutus\u2019un karars\u0131z kalan halka hitaben ko\u00adnu\u015fmas\u0131 aktar\u0131l\u0131r. Akabinde M\u00d6 17 Mart 44\u2019de Capitolinus\u2019ta Brutus\u2019un Ro\u00adma halk\u0131na hitaben yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmas\u0131nda suikast\u0131 me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131rma \u00e7abas\u0131 \u00fczerinde durulur. Alt\u0131nc\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131k, Unutulmayacak Bir Cenaze T\u00f6reni<\/em> (223-240) ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Burada M\u00d6 18 Mart 44\u2019de halka a\u00e7\u0131k d\u00fczenlenen cena\u00adzede Brutus\u2019un ve Marcus Antonius\u2019un durumu \u00fczerinde durulmakla birlikte Caesar\u2019\u0131n vasiyetnamesine odaklan\u0131l\u0131r. Vasiyetnamesinde Octavia\u00adnus\u2019un ev\u00adlatl\u0131k al\u0131nmas\u0131, servetinin b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 yine Octavianus\u2019a b\u0131rak\u00admas\u0131 ve Roma halk\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fczerinde durulmaktad\u0131r. Akabinde Gallia\u2019da Caesar\u2019\u0131n ya\u00adn\u0131nda bulunan Marcus Antonius ve Decimus\u2019un bu vasiyetna\u00admeye bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 okuyu\u00adcuyla payla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle Caesar\u2019\u0131n eski adamlar\u0131ndan De\u00adci\u00admus\u2019un durumu ele al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n son b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, Geri D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f Yolunda<\/em> (241-308) ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7 ba\u015fl\u0131ktan olu\u015fan bu son b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn birinci ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130talya \u0130\u00e7in M\u00fccadele<\/em> (243-272) ismini ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde Apollonia\u2019da bulunan Octavianus\u2019a Caesar\u2019\u0131n suikast haberinin ula\u015fmas\u0131yla ba\u015flanmakla birlikte Octavianus\u2019un duruma tepkisi ve tedbirleri ele al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. Yine suikast sonras\u0131 Marcus Antonius\u2019un elde etti\u011fi konumu ve g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc koruma amac\u0131yla Octavianus, De\u00adcimus ve Senatus<\/em>\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 verdi\u011fi m\u00fccadele; giri\u015fti\u011fi M\u00d6 43 Nisan 21 tarihli Mutina Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan bahsedilerek anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Akabin\u00adde sava\u015f sonras\u0131 Decimus ve Octavianus aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki anlat\u0131lmakta, Deci\u00admus\u2019un suikast\u00e7\u0131lardan olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 Octavianus\u2019un kendisiyle iyi ili\u015fki\u00adler i\u00e7ine girmemesine de\u011finilir. \u0130kinci ba\u015fl\u0131k, \u0130ntikam<\/em>\u2019da (273-298) a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 do\u00ad\u011fu\u00adda bulunan Cassius ve Brutus \u00fczerinde durulmaktad\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda con\u00adsul\u2019<\/em>l\u00fc\u011fe se\u00e7ilen Octavianus\u2019un Caesar suikast\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 vatan haini ilan etme\u00adsiyle patlak veren m\u00fccadele incelenmektedir. Ard\u0131ndan Octavianus\u2019un Cas\u00adsius ve Brutus\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 Marcus Antonius ve Marcus Lepidus ile ikinci trium\u00advir\u2019<\/em>li\u011fi kurmas\u0131 anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Akabinde Cassius ve Brutus\u2019a kat\u0131lma ama\u00adc\u0131nda olan Decimus\u2019un yakalanarak Marcus Antonius\u2019un emriyle \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi anlat\u0131l\u0131r. Ard\u0131ndan M\u00d6 42 tarihli Philippi Sava\u015f\u0131 anlat\u0131larak ikinci triumvir\u2019<\/em>li\u011fin Roma Cumhuriyetini kontrol alt\u0131na almas\u0131 ve \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc y\u00f6netim neticesinde do\u011fu\u00adnun y\u00f6netimini ele ge\u00e7iren Marcus Antonius ve bat\u0131y\u0131 kontrol eden Octavia\u00adnus aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki incelenerek M\u00d6 31 y\u0131l\u0131nda ya\u015fanan Actium Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Son ba\u015fl\u0131k Augustus <\/em>(299-308) ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Burada M\u00d6 29 y\u0131l\u0131nda Roma\u2019ya d\u00f6nen Octavianus\u2019un politikalar\u0131 \u00fczerinde durularak bu tarihten itibaren uygulamalar\u0131na yer verilmektedir. \u00d6zellikle Octavianus\u2019un Caesar\u2019\u0131 ilahla\u015ft\u0131rarak bir tanr\u0131 stat\u00fcs\u00fcnde ibadet edilmesini sa\u011flamas\u0131 anlat\u0131r. Ard\u0131ndan Brutus ve Cassius\u2019un Roma\u2019da b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 derin izlerden bahsedilerek b\u00f6l\u00fcm sonland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kitap, Te\u015fekk\u00fcr<\/em> (309-312), Notlar<\/em> (313-346), Kaynaklar <\/em>(347-360) ve Dizin<\/em> (361-368) k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131yla son bulmaktad\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, yazar, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda a\u011f\u0131r\u00adl\u0131kl\u0131 d\u00f6nemin kaynaklar\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Caesar suikast\u0131n\u0131 etrafl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde anlat\u00admaktad\u0131r. Roma tarihinde Caesar\u2019\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7, ihtiras ve kibri sonucunda u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 suikast ile cumhuriyet<\/em>\u2019in nas\u0131l yava\u015f yava\u015f principatus<\/em>\u2019a evrildi\u011fi ya\u015fanan ka\u00ados ortam\u0131yla birlikte g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne serilmektedir.<\/p>\n

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