2026 | LIBRI http://www.libridergi.org Epigrafi, Çeviri ve Eleştiri Dergisi Thu, 21 May 2026 09:05:55 +0000 tr hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.9.4 A New Agonistic Epigram from Synnada: Antigonos the Trumpeter http://www.libridergi.org/2026/lbr-356 Thu, 21 May 2026 09:01:01 +0000 http://www.libridergi.org/?p=9230

A New Agonistic Epigram from Synnada: Antigonos the Trumpeter

M. Ertan YILDIZ
N. Eda AKYÜREK ŞAHİN

LIBRI XII (2026) 27-39
Geliş Tarihi: 07.04.2026 | Kabul Tarihi: 06.05.2026
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20266542
Elektronik Yayın Tarihi: 21.05.2026

Abstract: The subject of this article is a fifteen-line inscription (Figs. 1-4) on the front face of a marble block discovered in the Şuhut district of Afyon and currently preserved in the Afyon Museum. The findspot of the stone belonged to the territory of the city of Synnada, located in Phrygia during antiquity. The inscription is an agonistic epigram consisting of three distichs honoring a successful trumpeter. In the epigram, a trumpeter named Antigonos is praised. He is known to have participated in trumpet competitions and achieved success while still a child. In later periods, he also gained victories in the Actian and Pythian games. It is emphasized that Antigonos glorified his homeland – which is not named in the epigram but is likely Synnada based on the findspot – through his achievements. We include this inscription within the group of agonistic inscriptions known from Synnada to date, some of which are also in the form of epigrams. This marks the first time a trumpeter has been documented in Synnada. Based on current epigraphic and numismatic evidence, the only major festival and games identified in Synnada to date is the great festival known as the “Hadrianeia Panathenaia”. This inscription honoring the trumpeter was also likely erected during a celebration of the Hadrianeia Panathenaia agon in the city. Due to its letterforms and content, the epigram can be dated to the same period as similar epigrams from Synnada, such as those of Thallos and Aristainetos (see the appendix) -namely, the first half of the 3rd century CE.

Keywords: Agonistic Epigram, Afyon Museum, Synnada, Pythia, Actia, Salpinktes/Trumpeter

Öz: Afyon’un Şuhut ilçesinde bulunmuş ve günümüzde Afyon Müzesi’nde korunan mermer bir blok taşın ön yüzündeki on beş satırlık bir yazıt (Figs. 1-4) bu makalenin konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Taşın bulunduğu yer, antikçağda Phrygia’da yer alan Synnada kentinin topraklarına aitti. Yazıt başarılı bir trompetçinin onurlandırıldığı üç distykhondan oluşan agonistik bir epigramdır. Epigramda Antigonos isimli bir trompetçi övülmektedir. Bu kişinin daha çocukken trompet yarışmalarına katıldığı ve başarılar kazandığı anlaşılmaktadır. Daha sonraki zamanlarda Aktia ve Pythia oyunlarında da zaferler elde etmiştir. Antigonos’un adı epigramda verilmeyen ama buluntu yerinden dolayı Synnada olması muhtemel olan vatanını başarılarıyla yücelttiği vurgulanmaktadır. Bu yazıtı bugüne kadar Synnada’dan bilinen ve bazıları da epigram şeklinde olan bir grup agonistik yazıt grubunun içine dahil ediyoruz. Synnada’dan ilk kez bir trompetçi belgelenmektedir. Mevcut epigrafik ve nümismatik belgelere dayanarak Synnada’da bugüne kadar tespit edilmiş olan tek bayram “Hadrianeia Panathenaia” adıyla bilinen büyük bayram ve oyunlardır. Trompetçiyi onurlandıran bu yazıt da olasılıkla kentteki bir Hadrianeia Panathenaia agonu sırasında dikilmiş olmalıdır. Epigram harf karakterleri ve içeriği nedeniyle Synnada’daki Thallos ve Aristainetos epigramları gibi (bk. ekler kısmı) benzer epigramlarla aynı döneme, yani MS 3. yüzyılın ilk yarısına tarihlenebilir.

Anahtar sözcükler: Agonistik Epigram, Afyon Müzesi, Synnada, Pythia, Aktia, Trompetçi

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Baytak İ. 2025, “Synnada ve Çevresi Yüzey Araştırması 2023”. AST 40/2, 403-431.

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Belke K. & Mersich N. 1990, Phrygien und Pisidien (Tabula imperii Byzantini 7). Wien.

Bowyer C. S. 2016, Echoes of the salpinx: the trumpet in ancient Greek culture. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis, Royal Holloway. University of London.

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Crowther N. B. 1988, “The Age-Category of Boys at Olympia”. Phoenix 42/4, 304-308.

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Drew-Bear Th. & Sacco G. 2006-2007, “Epigrammi agonistici et notabili di Synnada”. AION (archeol) 13-14, 253-281.

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Golden M. 2004, Sport in the Ancient World from A to Z. London.

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Kalıcı Bağlantı Adresi: http://www.libridergi.org/2026/lbr-0356

M. Ertan YILDIZ

Assoc. Prof. Dr., Akdeniz University, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of Ancient Languages and Cultures, Antalya, Türkiye. ertanyildiz@akdeniz.edu.tr

N. Eda AKYÜREK ŞAHİN

Prof. Dr., Akdeniz University, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of Ancient Languages and Cultures, Antalya, Türkiye. edasahin@akdeniz.edu.tr

]]> New Votive Inscriptions from Eskişehir Museum http://www.libridergi.org/2026/lbr-0355 Thu, 14 May 2026 09:11:07 +0000 http://www.libridergi.org/?p=9159

New Votive Inscriptions from Eskişehir Museum

Necmettin ERAYDIN
Ahmet TÜRKAN

LIBRI XII (2026) 15-25
Geliş Tarihi: 09.04.2026 | Kabul Tarihi: 02.05.2026
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20161691
Elektronik Yayın Tarihi: 14.05.2026

Abstract: This article presents the epigraphic and historical analysis of seven votive inscriptions preserved in the courtyard of the Eskişehir Eti Archaeology Museum. Although these inscriptions were identified within the borders of Eskişehir Province, their exact findspots remain unknown. It is therefore assumed that the objects may originate from the territories of settlements located within the provincial boundaries that existed at the time the inscriptions were produced; where necessary, the inscriptions have been evaluated within their own internal context. The first inscription was dedicated to the “Just Gods” (Theoi Dikaioi) by a komarkhes and priest of a settlement. Although parallels associated with Hosios kai Dikaios are known, this expression is attested here for the first time in the region as denoting a group of deities. The following three inscriptions are dedicated respectively to Hosios kai Dikaios, Theos Hypsistos, and Men. The fifth inscription is a fragment dedicated by the inhabitants of Doiga. The sixth inscription is dedicated to the local deity of a settlement named Dobana. They are introduced into the literature as two new toponyms. The final inscription is likewise fragmentary and preserves only part of the name of the dedicator. All inscriptions are dated to the 2nd–4th centuries CE and reflect the religious diversity of the Eskişehir region in antiquity.

Keywords: Theoi Dikaioi, Men, Theos Hypsistos, Hosios kai Dikaios, Komarkhes, Doiga

Öz: Bu makale, Eskişehir Eti Arkeoloji Müzesi bahçesinde muhafaza edilen yedi adak yazıtının epigrafik ve tarihsel analizini sunmaktadır. Söz konusu yazıtlar Eskişehir ili sınırları içerisinde tespit edilmiş olmakla birlikte, kesin buluntu yerleri bilinmemektedir. Bu nedenle eserlerin, il sınırları içinde yer alan ve yazıtların üretildiği dönemde varlık gösteren yerleşimlerden herhangi birinin hâkimiyet alanına ait olabileceği varsayılmış; gerekli durumlarda ise yazıtlar kendi iç bağlamları içerisinde değerlendirilmiştir. Yazıtlardan ilki, bir yerleşimin komarkhes’i ve rahibi tarafından “adil tanrılara” (Theoi Dikaioi) adanmıştır. Bu ifade, daha önce Hosios kai Dikaios ile ilişkili örnekler bilinmekle birlikte, bir tanrı grubunu niteleyecek şekilde bölgede ilk kez belgelenmektedir. Bunu izleyen üç yazıt sırasıyla Hosios kai Dikaios, Theos Hypsistos ve Men için düzenlenmiştir. Beşinci yazıt bir fragman olup Doiga sakinleri tarafından adanmıştır. Altıncı yazıt, Dobana adlı yerleşimin yerel tanrısına ithaf edilmiştir. Bu isimler iki yeni toponim olarak literatüre kazandırılmaktadır. Son yazıt ise yine bir fragman olup yalnızca adayanın isminin bir kısmı korunabilmiştir. Tüm eserler MS 2–4. yüzyıllar arasına tarihlenmekte olup Eskişehir bölgesinin antik çağdaki dinsel çeşitliliğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar sözcükler: Theoi Dikaioi, Men, Theos Hypsistos, Hosios kai Dikaios, Komarkhes, Doiga

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Kalıcı Bağlantı Adresi: http://www.libridergi.org/2026/lbr-0355

Necmettin ERAYDIN

Asst. Prof., Eskişehir Anadolu University, Faculty of Humanities, Department of Archaeology, Eskişehir, Türkiye. necmi.eraydin@gmail.com

Ahmet TÜRKAN

Assoc. Prof., Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Faculity of Humanities and Social Science, Department of History, Eskişehir, Türkiye. aturkan@ogu.edu.tr

]]> A New Honorific Inscription from Magnesia ad Maeandrum http://www.libridergi.org/2026/lbr-0354 Thu, 23 Apr 2026 10:19:16 +0000 http://www.libridergi.org/?p=9103

A New Honorific Inscription from Magnesia ad Maeandrum

Tolga UZUN

LIBRI XII (2026) 1-13
Geliş Tarihi: 30.03.2026 | Kabul Tarihi: 19.04.2026
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19704468
Elektronik Yayın Tarihi: 23.04.2026

Abstract: This study presents a newly discovered inscription from Magnesia ad Maeandrum, found in 2021 and dated to the late 1st century CE or early 2nd century CE. The text preserves the public actions of a woman named Tryphosa, who honoured the memory of her husband Democharis through gestures of civic generosity and religious responsibility. The boule and the demos honoured Democharis for his inherited civic standing, the dignity of his character and his service as agoranomos. After his death, Tryphosa, identified as his wife and as a priestess, undertook several initiatives that affected the civic community at large. She set up a monument in his honour, financed distributions of olive oil in the gymnasia and provided funds for the philosebastos boule in accordance with his instructions. The inscription places commemoration, religious office and civic benefaction within the same public setting and makes clear that Tryphosa was the central figure in turning the memory of Democharis into visible civic action.

Keywords: Tryphosa, Democharis, Oil, Agoranomos, Priestess, Magnesia ad Maeandrum

Öz: Bu çalışma, Magnesia ad Maeandrum’da 2021 yılında bulunmuş ve MS 1. yüzyılın sonları ile 2. yüzyılın başlarına tarihlenen yeni bir yazıtı tanıtmaktadır. Metin, Tryphosa adlı bir kadının, eşi Demokharis’in hatırasını kent yaşamına dokunan hayır işleri ve dinsel sorumluluk çerçevesinde nasıl yaşattığını göstermektedir. Boule ile demos, Demokharis’i ailesinden gelen yurttaşlık itibarı, karakterinin saygınlığı ve agoranomos olarak yürüttüğü görevi nedeniyle onurlandırmaktadır. Onun ölümünden sonra, hem eşi hem de rahibe olarak tanımlanan Tryphosa, kenti doğrudan ilgilendiren çeşitli girişimlerde bulunmaktadır. Kocasının anısına bir anıt diktirmiş, gymnasion’larda zeytinyağı dağıtımını finanse etmiş ve onun vasiyeti doğrultusunda philosebastos boule için maddi kaynak sağlamıştır. Yazıt; anma geleneğini, dini makamı ve kamusal hayırseverliği aynı kamusal çerçeve içine yerleştirmekte ve Tryphosa’nın, Demokharis’in hatırasını görünür bir kamusal eyleme dönüştürmede merkezi figür olduğunu açıkça ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar sözcükler: Tryphosa, Demokharis, Yağ, Agoranomos, Rahibe, Magnesia ad Maeandrum

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Kalıcı Bağlantı Adresi: http://www.libridergi.org/2026/lbr-0354

Tolga UZUN

Dr., Independent Researcher, Yeni Mah. 435 Sok. No: 5B, 07980, Kemer, Antalya, Türkiye. totolga7@gmail.com

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